Electronic sensors in specialized intrauterine pressure catheters with amnioinfusion ports have improved our capability to accurately assess intrauterine pressure and replace amniotic fluid volume in cases of variable decelerations. Computer technology has brought us autocorrelation to improve our ability to assess fetal heart rate variability with external monitoring. Minimal advances have been achieved in monitoring techniques. In addition, several authorities have concluded that monitoring has contributed to the disturbing rise in the rate of cesarean delivery. Recent randomized trials have even questioned the validity of continuous electronic monitoring in any low-risk obstetrical patient. Clearly, a large percentage of perinatal asphyxia occurs prior to the onset of labor. Some 40 years later, we know this not to be the case. Our forefathers were so convinced that such surveillance would reduce the incidence of cerebral palsy and perinatal asphyxia that clinical trials were omitted before widespread implementation of fetal monitoring. Commercial devices for bedside fetal heart rate monitoring were introduced in the late 1960s, and by the mid-1980s the great majority of laboring women in the United States underwent electronic fetal monitoring. Edward Hon reported the capability to continuously assess the fetal heart rate by means of a fetal EKG monitor on the maternal abdomen. The dawn of a new era in treating the fetus as a patient arrived in 1958 when Dr. Gegor, CNM, MS, RDMS Susan Nelson, RNĬhapter 6 Linda Chagnon, RNC, MBA, MN Julia M. Gegor, CNM, MS, RDMS Chapter 10 Carolyn L. Petersen, RNC, BSN Cheryl Wallerstedt, RNC, MS Chapter 9 Carolyn L. Kasnic, RNC, BSN, MBA Chapter 5 Katherine W. Tillger, RN, MA Jean Marie Yackey, RNC, MSN Chapters 3 & 4 Tracey A. Tillger, RN, MA Contributing Editors Contributions By: Chapter 1 Penny Peterson, RNC, MSN Corporate Sponsors Chapter 2 Deborah J. Moise, Jr., MD Gary Joffe, MD Sherrill L. Murray, PhD, RNC Author and Editor Kenneth J. Includes bibliographical references and index. Springer Publishing Company, LLC 11 West 42nd Street New York, NY 10036 Acquisitions Editor: James Costello Production Editor: Rose Mary Piscitelli Composition: International Graphic ServicesĠ7 08 09 10 / 5 4 3 2 1 –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication DataĪntepartal and intrapartal fetal monitoring / by Michelle L. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Springer Publishing Company, LLC. “But many do not know that they do not know, and many think they know when they know nothing.”īalthasar Gracián Originally written in 1637 in Spanish Translated by Joseph Jacob The Art of Worldly Wisdom © 1993 Shambhala Publications, Inc.Ĭopyright © 2007 Springer Publishing Company, LLC All rights reserved.
ANTEPARTAL AND INTRAPARTAL FETAL MONITORING 3rd Edition
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